| GyanCentral - The hub for engineering and law students - IIT-JEE, AIEEE, BITSAT, CLAT, AILET - 2012: Reading Comprehension Exercise- 2 for CLAT 2013 Sep 23rd 2012, 10:22 | GyanCentral - The hub for engineering and law students - IIT-JEE, AIEEE, BITSAT, CLAT, AILET - 2012 | | The most comprehensive career education and test preparation forums in india. | | | Reading Comprehension Exercise- 2 for CLAT 2013 Sep 23rd 2012, 10:20 Directions : This section consists of two passages and a set of questions after each, based on the content of the passage. Read the passages and answer the questions by identifying the most suitable one from among the options given. Passage 1 The villager has customarily been very conservative in his attitude and approach. He is reluctant to change his traditional way of thinking and doing things. His attitude, in many respects, is: "home–made is best". For instance, most cattle–farmers in the villages prefer to feed their cows and buffaloes with a home mix comprising of local oil cakes like mustard or cottonseed, pulses, jaggery, salt, etc. It takes numerous visits, and is hard convincing the rural cattle–farmer that compound feeds, scientifically formulated, improve the yields of milk, without any incremental costs. The age–old values and attitudes towards caste, creed, women, time and money take time to change. The villager has traditionally been a believer in the philosophy of 'Karma' or fate. He has found it more convenient to blame his economic destitution, poor living conditions, and straitened social status on 'bhagya', 'Karma' or 'fate'. The security that the villagers find in the status quo, acts as a disincentive to change and experiment in the short–run. Many of these antiquated attitudes, value systems and outlooks are changing due to improved levels of awareness and education. However, the rate of change is sluggish. Attitudes that have fossilised over the centuries do take time to change. 1. What does the phrase "home–made is best" imply? (a) The best should not be discarded. (b) Whatever is being practised and known is better than what is new. (c) People should go in for the Swadeshi because it is home–made. (d) Change for the sake of change is no good. 2. When will you call a person conservative in his attitude and approach? (a) When he sticks to old ways of thinking and doing. (b) When he would like to try out every new idea before accepting it. (c) When he imputes motives to change agents. (d) When he solves his problems through tried out methods. 3. Which one of the following is not the usual reason offered by an average Indian villager for his poverty? (a) It is God's will. (b) It is a result of some of his bad deeds committed in this or the previous birth. (c) It is because of his resistance to new ideas. (d) It is his destiny. 4. What is the best method to convince the average Indian villager about the superiority of a new cattle–feed? (a) Discussion (b) Field demonstration (c) Distribution of related literature (d) Home visits 5. Why does a villager feel secure in maintaining status quo? (a) Because whatever is known should be the best. (b) Because change is seldom for the better. (c) Because too many people go about advising him. (d) Because of the imagined risk involved in trying a new approach. Passage 2 India's role in the international stage was moulded by history rather than by the pomp and circumstance of war. As a separate entity of the British Empire, India became a founder member of the League of Nations in the same way as Australia and Canada, and thus acquired a somewhat unique international status long before independence. During the days of the League when India's interests were affected, such as in matters of trade or the position of Indians overseas, the Indian delegation did not hesitate to make known its independent position, for what it was worth. Some Indian delegates were in demand for chairing meetings riddled with contention and controversy, because of their reputation for impartiality and talent for mediation. These were the small beginnings of India's later entry into the United Nations in 1945, again as a founder member before independence. The drafting of Chapter IX and X of the UN Charter, which deal with international social and economic co–operation, was entrusted to a group that was presided over by an Indian. Government of independent India had no part in the drafting of the UN Charter, although it accepted the obligations contained therein. The UN was primarily the creation of three powers, the US, UK and USSR. The size, population, resources and potential of India lent it the weight of a medium power in the functioning of the United Nations. The fact that India was among the first nations to liberate itself from imperialist domination through non–violent means endowed it with a moral obligation to work in and outside the UN for the independence of nations still under colonial rule. India has served on the Security Council for 10 years or 5 terms, on the Trusteeship Council for 12 years or 4 terms, and on the Economic and Social Council for 21 years or 7 terms. 6. Which of the following countries does not find any mention in the passage? (a) The USA (b) Britain (c) The USSR (d) India 7. Which of the following is NOT true? (a) During the days of the League, Indian delegates there pleaded for India's trade interests. (b) The Indian delegate espoused the cause of the Indians living overseas. (c) India entered the United Nations in 1945. (d) India acquired unique international prestige because of her immense contribution to the war effort on the side of Britain. 8. India enjoyed great prestige at the league and Indian delegates were in demand for chairing some meetings because 1. Indian delegates were well known for their impartiality. 2. Indian delegates had talent for mediation. 3. India was considered a power to reckon with. (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 1 only (d) 3 only 9. Which other common wealth countries became member of the League of Nations along with India? (a) Pakistan (B) Sri Lanka (c) Canada (d) Austria 10. The title below that best expresses the ideas of the passage is (a) India's Role at the United Nations. (b) India and her Neighbours. (c) India's International Prestige. (d) The Drafting of the UN charter. | | | |  | |
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